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Week10 Lab/Lecture

                                   Week10 Lab/Lecture

  • Description of what we did in the lab?
    • In the lab this week we made rocks! Not really rocks though, fake rocks out of Starburst
       We made two kinds of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary.  I was in charge of the mini flame thrower, probably not a wise decision but I had fun in the process. 
    • Sedimentary rocks are formed by pressure. 
      • I squished one in my hand and Elle stomped on the other. 
    • Metaphoric rocks are formed by heat and pressure. 
      • I melted both and then Alexa squished them in her hands. 
    • Igneous rocks are formed by heating up and then cooling down. 
      • I melted both and we let one cool down by just sitting there and the other we dunked in cool water. 
  • The big question addressed in the lab? 
    • What is the earth made out of?
    • What are the layers of the Earth?
    •  How are rocks made?
    •  How do plates move? 
  • A description of what you learned in Thursday's lecture.
    • During the lecture, we discussed tectonic plates, the earth layers, Hawaii's hot spot, and weathering/erosion. 
    • Continental is larger than oceanic 
    • Weathering and Erosion is the process by which rocks are attacked by the environment. There are two types mechanical and chemical. 
    • Mechanical is breaking rock down into small fragments. 
    • Chemical only happens when chemical reactions alter the rock. 
    • Chemical
      • Carbonation- dissolved carbon dioxide in rainwater or moisture that reacts with the minerals. 
      • Hydrolysis- a chemical reaction between minerals in the rock and the hydrogen in the rainwater. 
      • Oxidation- Process by which oxygen combines with water and minerals in the rocks. 
      • Solution- dissolve directly in water. 
      • Hydration- minerals in the rock absorb water and expand, then cause stress that disintegrates rocks. 
    • Physical/ mechanical 
      • Pressure release- takes place when overlying rocks are removed by erosion. 
      • Exfoliation- Heating up then cooling down then stress is created producing cracks. 
      • Frost Shattering- cold temperature regions where the temperature fluctuates there will be water in cracks causing to break materials. 
      • Crystallization- weathering or growth of salt crystals takes place where evaporation draws groundwater containing dissolved salts. 
      • Biological Weathering- roots growing into the cracks, bugs, and worms, making tunnels in the ground, buildings, and roads, exposing them to agents of weathering. 


  • Answer questions about the weekly textbook reading:
  • What did you learn?
    • The liquid outer layer is mostly made out of iron and nickel. 
    • The solid inner layer is also made out of iron and nickel.
  • What was most helpful?
    • The structure of the Earth Khan Academy video. 
  • What do you need more information on?
    • Law of superposition 
  • What questions/concerns/comments do you have?
    • How do they know what the layers are made of?

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