Week10 Lab/Lecture

                                   Week10 Lab/Lecture

• Description of what we did in the lab?
• In the lab this week we made rocks! Not really rocks though, fake rocks out of Starburst
  
   We made two kinds of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary.  I was in charge of the mini flame thrower, probably not a wise decision but I had fun in the process. 
• Sedimentary rocks are formed by pressure. 
• I squished one in my hand and Elle stomped on the other. 
• Metaphoric rocks are formed by heat and pressure. 
• I melted both and then Alexa squished them in her hands. 
• Igneous rocks are formed by heating up and then cooling down. 
• I melted both and we let one cool down by just sitting there and the other we dunked in cool water. 

• The big question addressed in the lab? 
• What is the earth made out of?
• What are the layers of the Earth?
•  How are rocks made?
•  How do plates move? 

• A description of what you learned in Thursday's lecture.
• During the lecture, we discussed tectonic plates, the earth layers, Hawaii's hot spot, and weathering/erosion. 
• Continental is larger than oceanic 
• Weathering and Erosion is the process by which rocks are attacked by the environment. There are two types mechanical and chemical. 
• Mechanical is breaking rock down into small fragments. 
• Chemical only happens when chemical reactions alter the rock. 
• Chemical
• Carbonation- dissolved carbon dioxide in rainwater or moisture that reacts with the minerals. 
• Hydrolysis- a chemical reaction between minerals in the rock and the hydrogen in the rainwater. 
• Oxidation- Process by which oxygen combines with water and minerals in the rocks. 
• Solution- dissolve directly in water. 
• Hydration- minerals in the rock absorb water and expand, then cause stress that disintegrates rocks. 
• Physical/ mechanical 
• Pressure release- takes place when overlying rocks are removed by erosion. 
• Exfoliation- Heating up then cooling down then stress is created producing cracks. 
• Frost Shattering- cold temperature regions where the temperature fluctuates there will be water in cracks causing to break materials. 
• Crystallization- weathering or growth of salt crystals takes place where evaporation draws groundwater containing dissolved salts. 
• Biological Weathering- roots growing into the cracks, bugs, and worms, making tunnels in the ground, buildings, and roads, exposing them to agents of weathering. 

• Answer questions about the weekly textbook reading:

• What did you learn?
• The liquid outer layer is mostly made out of iron and nickel. 
• The solid inner layer is also made out of iron and nickel.

• What was most helpful?
• The structure of the Earth Khan Academy video. 

• What do you need more information on?
• Law of superposition 

• What questions/concerns/comments do you have?
• How do they know what the layers are made of?